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通过使用Spring Boot应用程序,可以创建一个war文件以部署到Web服务器中。在本章中,将学习如何创建WAR文件并在Tomcat Web服务器中部署Spring Boot应用程序。
Spring Boot Servlet初始化程序
传统的部署方式是使Spring Boot应用程序@SpringBootApplication
类扩展SpringBootServletInitializer
类。 SpringBootServletInitializer
类文件允许在使用Servlet容器启动时配置应用程序。
下面给出了用于JAR文件部署的Spring Boot应用程序类文件的代码 -
package com.yiibai.demo;import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;@SpringBootApplicationpublic class DemoApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(DemoApplication.class, args); }}Java
需要扩展类SpringBootServletInitializer
以支持WAR文件部署。 Spring Boot应用程序类文件的代码如下 -
package com.yiibai.demo;import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;import org.springframework.boot.builder.SpringApplicationBuilder;import org.springframework.boot.web.support.SpringBootServletInitializer;@SpringBootApplicationpublic class DemoApplication extends SpringBootServletInitializer { @Override protected SpringApplicationBuilder configure(SpringApplicationBuilder application) { return application.sources(DemoApplication.class); } public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(DemoApplication.class, args); }}Java
设置Main类
在Spring Boot中,需要在构建文件中指定启动的主类。
对于Maven,在pom.xml
属性中添加start
类,如下所示 -
<start-class>com.yiibai.demo.DemoApplication</start-class>XML
对于Gradle,在build.gradle
中添加主类名,如下所示 -
mainClassName="com.yiibai.demo.DemoApplication"Java
将打包JAR更新为WAR
使用以下代码将包装JAR更新为WAR。
对于Maven,在pom.xml 中将包装添加为WAR,如下所示 -
<packaging>war</packaging>XML
对于Gradle,在build.gradle 中添加应用程序插件和war插件,如下所示 -
apply plugin: 'war' apply plugin: 'application'
对于GradlNow,编写一个简单的Rest端点来返回字符串:"Hello World from Tomcat"
。 要编写Rest端点,需要将Spring Boot Web starter依赖项添加到构建文件中。
对于Maven,使用如下所示的代码在pom.xml 中添加Spring Boot启动程序依赖项 -
<dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId></dependency>XML
对于Gradle,使用如下所示的代码在build.gradle 中添加Spring Boot starter依赖项 -
dependencies { compile('org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-web') }
现在,使用如下所示的代码在Spring Boot Application类文件中编写一个简单的Rest端点 -
package com.yiibai.demo;import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;import org.springframework.boot.builder.SpringApplicationBuilder;import org.springframework.boot.web.support.SpringBootServletInitializer;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;@SpringBootApplication@RestControllerpublic class DemoApplication extends SpringBootServletInitializer { @Override protected SpringApplicationBuilder configure(SpringApplicationBuilder application) { return application.sources(DemoApplication.class); } public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(DemoApplication.class, args); } @RequestMapping(value = "/") public String hello() { return "Hello World from Tomcat"; }}Java
打包应用程序
现在,使用Maven和Gradle命令创建一个WAR文件以部署到Tomcat服务器中,以打包应用程序,如下所示。
对于Maven,使用命令mvn package
打包应用程序。 然后创建WAR文件,可以在目标目录中找到它,如下面给出的屏幕截图所示 -
对于Gradle,使用命令gradle clean build
打包应用程序。 然后,将创建WAR文件,可以在build/libs
目录下找到它。观察此处给出的屏幕截图以便更好地理解 -
部署到Tomcat
现在,运行Tomcat服务器,并在webapps目录下部署WAR文件。
成功部署后,点击网页浏览器中的URL => http://localhost:8080/demo-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT/
,观察输出结果如下图所示 -
完整代码如下:
文件:pom.xml -
<?xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8"?><project xmlns = "http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation = "http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"><modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.yiibai</groupId> <artifactId>demo</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <packaging>war</packaging> <name>demo</name> <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description> <parent> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId> <version>1.5.8.RELEASE</version> <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository --> </parent> <properties> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding> <java.version>1.8</java.version> <start-class>com.yiibai.demo.DemoApplication</start-class> </properties> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId> </plugin> </plugins> </build></project>XML
文件:build.gradle
buildscript { ext { springBootVersion = '1.5.8.RELEASE' } repositories { mavenCentral() } dependencies { classpath("org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-gradle-plugin:${springBootVersion}") } } apply plugin: 'java' apply plugin: 'eclipse' apply plugin: 'org.springframework.boot' apply plugin: 'war' apply plugin: 'application' group = 'com.yiibai' version = '0.0.1-SNAPSHOT' sourceCompatibility = 1.8 mainClassName = "com.yiibai.demo.DemoApplication" repositories { mavenCentral() } dependencies { compile('org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-web') testCompile('org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-test') }Gradle
package com.yiibai.demo;import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;import org.springframework.boot.builder.SpringApplicationBuilder;import org.springframework.boot.web.support.SpringBootServletInitializer;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;@SpringBootApplication@RestControllerpublic class DemoApplication extends SpringBootServletInitializer { @Override protected SpringApplicationBuilder configure(SpringApplicationBuilder application) { return application.sources(DemoApplication.class); } public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(DemoApplication.class, args); } @RequestMapping(value = "/") public String hello() { return "Hello World from Tomcat"; }}
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