大规模Linux集群架构最佳实践：如何管理上千台服务器pdf下载
一、 安装并配置MySQL
1.1 执行yum 命令安装MySQL
yum -y install mysql mysql-server
1.2 把添加MySQL进开机启动项，并立即启动MySQL
chkconfig --levels 235 mysqld on/etc/init.d/mysqld start
1.3 设置MySQL root帐号密码
mysql_secure_installation
NOTE: RUNNING ALL PARTS OF THIS SCRIPT IS RECOMMENDED FOR ALL MySQLSERVERS IN PRODUCTION USE! PLEASE READ EACH STEP CAREFULLY!
In order to log into MySQL to secure it, we’ll need the current
password for the root user. If you’ve just installed MySQL, and
you haven’t set the root password yet, the password will be blank,
so you should just press enter here.
Enter current password for root (enter for none): <– 输入系统root密码
OK, successfully used password, moving on…
Setting the root password ensures that nobody can log into the MySQL
root user without the proper authorisation.
Set root password? [Y/n] <– ENTER
New password: <– 你的MySQL root密码
Re-enter new password: <– 你的MySQL root密码
Password updated successfully!
Reloading privilege tables..
… Success!
By default, a MySQL installation has an anonymous user, allowing anyone
to log into MySQL without having to have a user account created for
This is intended only for testing, and to make the installation
go a bit smoother. You should remove them before moving into a
production environment.
Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] <– ENTER
… Success!
Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from ‘localhost’. This
ensures that someone cannot guess at the root password from the network.
Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] <– ENTER
… Success!
By default, MySQL comes with a database named ‘test’ that anyone can
This is also intended only for testing, and should be removed
before moving into a production environment.
Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] <– ENTER
- Dropping test database…
… Success!
- Removing privileges on test database…
… Success!
Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes made so far
will take effect immediately.
Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] <– ENTER
… Success!
Cleaning up…
All done! If you’ve completed all of the above steps, your MySQL
installation should now be secure.
Thanks for using MySQL!
二、 安装Apache
2.1 使用yum命令安装Apache
yum -y install httpd
2.2 设置开机启动Apache
chkconfig --levels 235 httpd on
2.3 启动Apache
/etc/init.d/httpd start
2.4 现在直接在浏览器键入http://localhost 或http://本机IP，应该会看到Apache的测试页面
三、 安装配置PHP
3.1 使用yum命令安装PHP
yum -y install php
3.2 重启Apache服务器
/etc/init.d/httpd restart
3.3 安装相关模块使用PHP支持MySQL：为了让PHP支持MySQL，我们可以安装php-mysql软件包；也可使用以下命令搜索可用的php模块
yum search php
选择需要的模块进行安装
yum -y install php-mysql php-common php-mbstring php-gd php-imap php-ldap php-odbc php-pear php-xml php-xmlrpc
完成后在/var/www/html 里面新建info.php文件
<?php
phpinfo();
?>
能够显示PHP信息表示正确安装PHP和apache。
配置httpd.conf文件（/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf）
添加
LoadModule php5_module modules/libphp5.so
找到AddType application/x-gzip .gz .tgz，在后面添加
AddType application/x-httpd-php .php
AddType application/x-httpd-php .html
（没有进行以上配置，无法支持php文件）
3.4 重启Apache服务器
/etc/init.d/httpd restart
四、 安装配置phpMyAdmin
安装好MySQL，Apache及PHP后，为了可视化的管理MySQL数据库，我们需要安装phpMyAdmin。
4.1 下载最新版本phpMyAdmin，下载地址：http://www.phpmyadmin.net/home_page/downloads.php ，选择最新版本，如phpMyAdmin-3.5.2-all-languages.tar.bz2
4.2 解压程序包
tar -xvf phpMyAdmin-3.5.2-all-languages.tar.bz2
4.3 移动目录phpMyAdmin-3.5.2-all-languages到/usr/share/phpMyAdmin文件夹(建议手工操作，复制粘贴至/usr/share/目录下，后重命名文件名为phpMyAdmin，使用下面的命令行可能导致打开http://localhost/ phpmyadmin 时，提示403错误，暂时不知怎么回事- -!)
mv phpMyAdmin-3.5.2-all-languages /usr/share/phpMyAdmin
4.4 进入phpMyAdmin目录
cd /usr/share/phpMyAdmin
4.5 拷贝样本配置文件到config.inc.php文件
cp config.sample.inc.php config.inc.php
4.6 修改Apache配置
vi /etc/httpd/conf.d/phpmyadmin .conf
4.7 写入如下内容
# Web application to manage MySQL
#<Directory "/usr/share/phpMyAdmin">
# Order Deny,Allow
# Deny from all
# Allow from 127.0.0.1
#</Directory>
Alias /phpmyadmin /usr/share/phpMyAdmin
Alias /phpMyAdmin /usr/share/phpMyAdmin
Alias /mysqladmin /usr/share/phpMyAdmin
写入并退出
4.8 重启Apache服务器
/etc/init.d/httpd restart
4.9 至此，打开页面http://localhost/phpmyadmin 即可轻松管理你的mySQL数据库
备注：
手动改mysql权限也可以这样做
update user set password='mysql' where user='root';
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO `root`@`localhost` IDENTIFIED BY 'mysql' WITH GRANT OPTION;
注意：root和localhost用的是反引号 后面的密码mysql用的是引号
update user set Host ='%' where User='root';
flush privileges;